github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium (link)

# Selenium Skills & Best Practices

This guide provides a comprehensive overview of how to write effective Selenium tests in various languages and lists industry-standard best practices.

## Language Setup & Examples

### Java
- **Dependencies (Maven)**:
  ```xml
  <dependency>
      <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
      <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
      <version>4.x.x</version>
  </dependency>
  ```
- **Example**:
  ```java
  import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
  import org.openqa.s

Always read AGENTS.md before answering
When reviewing a pull request, also follow the guidelines in .github/pr_review.md

# Used by Qodo Review v2

[github_app]
pr_commands = [
    "/agentic_describe",
    "/agentic_review",
]
handle_push_trigger = true
push_commands = [
    "/agentic_review",
]

[agentic_review]
extra_instructions = "Look at the guidelines in .github/pr_review.md when evaluating this PR."

@AGENTS.md

<!-- Guidance for AI agents working in Selenium .NET Bindings -->

## Code location
- Core: `dotnet/src/webdriver/`
- Support: `dotnet/src/support/`
- Tests: `dotnet/test/common/`

## Common commands
- Build: `bazel build //dotnet/...`

## Testing
See `dotnet/TESTING.md`

## Code conventions

### Logging
```csharp
using OpenQA.Selenium.Internal.Logging;
private static readonly ILogger _logger = Log.GetLogger<MyClass>();

_logger.Warn("actionable: something needs attention");
_logger.Info("useful: driver sta

<!--
Guidance for AI agents working in the Selenium monorepo.
Language-specific details live in respective subdirectories.
-->
## Overview

Selenium is a Bazel-built monorepo implementing the W3C WebDriver (and related) protocols,
shipping multiple language bindings plus Grid and Selenium Manager.
The repository README is aimed at contributors; end-user docs live elsewhere.

### Local contributor customization
- The `.local/` directory is available for customization, generated artifacts, scratch work, and t

<!-- Guidance for AI agents working in Selenium Java Bindings and Grid. -->

## Code location
- Java Bindings: `java/src/`, `java/test/`
- Grid Server: `java/src/org/openqa/selenium/grid/`

## Common commands
- Build: `bazel build //java/...`
- Build Grid: `bazel build grid`

## Testing
See `java/TESTING.md`

## Code conventions
### Interfaces
- New methods added to existing interfaces must provide a default implementation, if possible.
- Interfaces must not expose the native classes of their implementation

<!-- Guidance for AI agents working in Selenium JavaScript Bindings -->

## Code location

- Library: `javascript/selenium-webdriver/lib/`
- Tests: `javascript/selenium-webdriver/test/`

## Common commands

- Build: `bazel build //javascript/selenium-webdriver/...`

## Testing

See `javascript/selenium-webdriver/TESTING.md`

## Code conventions

### Logging

```javascript
const logging = require('./logging')
const log_ = logging.getLogger('selenium.webdriver.mymodule')

log_.warning('actionable: something n

<!-- Guidance for AI agents working in Selenium Manager code -->

## Code location
- Source: `rust/src/`
- Tests: `rust/tests/`

## Common commands
- Build: `bazel build //rust/...`

## Testing
See `rust/TESTING.md`

## Code conventions

### Logging
```rust
use log::{warn, info, debug};

warn!("actionable: something needs attention");
info!("useful: browser resolved successfully");
debug!("diagnostic: request details for debugging");
```

### Deprecation
```rust
#[deprecated(since = "0.1.0", note = "Use new

<!-- Guidance for AI agents working in Selenium Ruby Bindings -->

## Code location
- Library: `rb/lib/selenium/webdriver`
- Tests: `rb/spec/unit/` and `rb/spec/integration/`
- Type signatures: `rb/sig/`

## Common commands
- Build: `bazel build //rb/...`

## Testing
See `rb/TESTING.md`

## Code conventions

### Logging
```ruby
WebDriver.logger.warn("actionable: something needs attention", id: :warning_id)
WebDriver.logger.info("useful: driver started successfully")
WebDriver.logger.debug("diagnostic: reque

<!-- Guidance for AI agents working in Selenium Python Bindings -->

## Code location

- Package: `py/selenium/`
- Remote/transport: `py/selenium/webdriver/remote/`

## Common commands

- Build: `bazel build //py/...`

## Testing

Run tests via `bazel test //py/...`. See `/AGENTS.md` for toolchain details.

## Testing

Run tests via `bazel test //py:test-{browser}` or `bazel test //py:test-{browser}-bidi`, where `{browser}` is the target browser (e.g., `chrome`, `firefox`, `edge`). See `/AGENTS.md` for tool